CARNE PARA LOS LEONES

Otro de los mencionados por el presidente López Obrador como defensor del proyecto político que está desarrollando la 4T, es el editorialista de la Jornada Pedro Miguel, quien tiene su propia lectura de lo que dijo el mandatario en Palacio Nacional el miércoles 22 de abril de 2020 (https://www.gob.mx/presidencia/articulos/version-estenografica-de-la-conferencia-de-prensa-matutina-miercoles-22-de-abril-de-2020?idiom=es): “Nos aventó a los leones”.

Anticipa divertido “la marabunta de críticas y troles que me atacarán de todos lados”, pero asume que Andrés Manuel lo hizo “de buena fe”. Y entiende el elogio presidencial como respuesta a una definición básica:

“La Cuarta Transformación es un proyecto en el que yo he creído durante tres lustros, al que he contribuido de manera ínfima ciertamente y en el que he militado y sigo militando sin cobrar un centavo”.

PERIODISMO ES MILITANTE

A la pregunta que le hace Julio Hernández López en su espacio de Julio Astillero del 23 de abril (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylTJlok7uxs), respecto a si el suyo es un periodismo militante, el también profesor en el Instituto de Formación Política de Morena responde con otra interrogante: ¿alguno no lo es?

“Hay dos clases de periodismo: el militante a secas y el periodismo militante hipócrita. Se milita; no se puede no militar, no tomar partido, no estar con causas o en contra de causas. Los periodistas tenemos una visión del mundo que defendemos, pregonamos y promovemos en todos nuestros actos.

“En ese sentido, hay un conjunto de periodistas que se dicen objetivos, apartidistas, equilibrados y equidistantes, pero que seguramente viven en el Paraíso porque en la vida en sociedad es política. Estamos inmersos en una danza de poderes, y el periodismo es un poder.

“Quien se expresa, quien reporta, está ejerciendo un poder y proyectando además otros poderes: el poder que tienen los dueños de los medios, el poder de los dueños del dinero, el poder del narco”.

Con todo, hay grados de militancia en la prensa: “Aunque no estén afiliados al padrón de un partido político, se nos vienen a la mente muchos nombres de personas que militan en contra de la 4T”. Haga lo que haga el gobierno de López Obrador, “sufrirá los ataques de personas que formalmente no están en el PAN, en Movimiento Ciudadano o en el PRI, pero que están haciendo una militancia muy activa”, expone Pedro Miguel.

MILITANCIA NO ASUMIDA

En su juicio de valor sobre la prensa mexicana, López Obrador mencionó al original periódico Uno más Uno, al diario La Jornada y a la revista Proceso, como escuelas de periodismo comprometido. Sin embargo, ahora con sus portadas en contra de la 4T, pregunta Julio Astillero cuya columna se publica en La Jornada, ¿se puede decir que Proceso también milita en contra del proyecto de transformación?

Pedro Miguel declina responder porque no cree que se deba convertir este señalamiento presidencial en un debate entre medios o entre colegas periodistas, pues al “volvernos protagonistas” distorsionamos “lo esencial” que es “informar, reflexionar, criticar y analizar”.

Mas cuando Astillero insiste en la trascendencia de que López Obrador mencionara, “desde la máxima tribuna del poder político en México” que es la Presidencia de la República, a Reforma, El Universal, Excélsior, TV Azteca y Televisa, Miguel hace su propio análisis de esos medios:

“Hay un conjunto de personas y entidades que están haciendo un trabajo valioso e importante, crítico o no al ejercicio del poder. Pero también hay otros que no están haciendo un trabajo de esclarecimiento sino de subversión, de oposición e incluso desestabilización. La frontera entre estas dos actividades es el respeto a la verdad.

“Dicen que la verdad es tan difícil de asir como un pez enjabonado, pero cuando alguien afirma que el gobierno está inventando cifras hay una falta de respeto a la verdad. Cuando un ejército de voces hacen el señalamiento que López Obrador compró un estadio en plena pandemia, ahí hay un atropello a la verdad. Y cuando tenemos a un comunicador corrigiéndole la plana al subsecretario López-Gatell desde el punto de vista epidemiológico, hay una falta de respeto al sentido común y a la verdad.

“Lo que estamos viendo en esas situaciones es un golpeteo y la instrumentación del poder periodístico para tratar de interrumpir el ejercicio de un mandato popular, que es el que tiene más legitimidad en la historia” democrática de México, resume Pedro Miguel.

FIGURA POCO DESGASTADA

¿Qué tanto han desgastado la figura de López Obrador estos medios que no han sido afectados en lo sustancial por las políticas de comunicación social, pues ahora se recargan financieramente en el poder económico?, pregunta Julio Astillero.

“Desde luego hay un desgaste” en la perspectiva de “sectores medios” que están experimentado “incertidumbre, confusión, zozobra, porque no tenían claro de qué iba este proyecto de la Cuarta Transformación”. Ahora que empiezan a entenderlo, “no les gusta y están en todo su derecho”, responde Pedro Miguel.

Al margen de esos efectos en la opinión pública, estamos ante “una manifestación muy vistosa, aparatosa, pero que en la realidad no afecta la correlación de fuerzas en la sociedad. Ocurre que estos sectores tienen reflectores, voz y tribunas; están acostumbrados a tomar el micrófono. Pero hay otros sectores de la sociedad que, en lo fundamental, están muy satisfechos con lo que ha hecho López Obrador”.

“Por otro lado, parece haber llegado el momento de un deslinde en el muy amplio acuerdo político de unidad, en el que se confluyó para ganar de manera abrumadora y arrasante la elección de 2018, buscando construir un triunfo blindado ante cualquier tentativa de fraude”.

Esta coalición que se formó a fines de 2017, está llegando al momento de los deslindes naturales. “Una senadora como Lily Téllez que no tiene nada que ver en lo ideológico con la 4T, es natural que se separe de la bancada de Morena”. Así mismo se explica el ruido que hace el gobernador Bonilla en Baja California.

Téllez, Bonilla y otros cuadros como el mandatario poblano Miguel Barbosa, fueron llevados a los cargos porque “se requería de una energía enorme para dar impulso al esfuerzo de deponer a un régimen, aunque después surjan desacuerdos. Había un acuerdo básico en el que entraba mucha gente: no queríamos ya al antiguo régimen. Pero el acuerdo en torno al régimen que sí queremos, no tendrá esa amplitud”.

Se está cumpliendo una lógica universal a todos los procesos de transformación, apunta Pedro Miguel: surgen coaliciones para deponer un proyecto histórico y construir otro, pero en la definición de ese otro proyecto aparecen los disensos.

SE LES ACABÓ LA GASOLINA

En la mañanera, López Obrador no sólo mencionó marcas comerciales o cabezales, y no sólo nombres de columnistas sino que hizo un análisis de cómo los medios de comunicación no han conseguido entender los cambios y se aferran a los modelos anteriores.

Además, advirtió que causas tan nobles como la defensa de las pymes buscan apelar a las clases medias para que tomen mayor distancia del poder presidencial.

En respuesta a esas apreciaciones, pregunta Astillero, ¿vendrá una acometida más violenta aún de los medios contra el Presidente?

“Lo veo difícil”, descarta Pedro Miguel. “No creo que tengan ya mucha gasolina social en la reserva. En esa formación anti AMLO hay sectores que se dicen demócratas, liberales, ciudadanos y derechohumaneros, hasta otros francamente fascistas, como el de Gilberto Lozano (dirigente de FRENA) que está llamando abiertamente a un golpe de Estado y convoca a paros nacionales de los que luego nadie se entera”.

Sin embargo, la conjura es real. “Hay un intento desestabilizador” hasta en el exhorto que hace el conductor Javier Alatorre para no hacer caso a López-Gatell.

Con todo, resulta “temerario, osado y hasta disparatado suponer que en menos de dos años puede haber un desgaste de un gobierno surgido de una elección ganada abrumadoramente, de un triunfo legitimado en las urnas. Está fuera de la realidad pensar que aquel consenso pudo erosionarse en tan corto tiempo, cuando además el gobierno se ha apegado a sus propuestas de campaña, mantenido su plataforma política e ido cumpliendo lo que ofreció”.

LA APUESTA DE LA 4T

¿Por qué la fuerza presidencial, volcada en la persona de Andrés Manuel y de las mañaneras, no ha podido construir una alternativa periodística, especialmente, a través de los medios públicos?, cuestiona Astillero.

Para el entrevistador, se mantiene la disparidad entre la estructura del poder mediático privado y los nuevos medios que deberían acompañar el proceso de cambio de López Obrador.

Y sí, aclara Pedro Miguel, pero es que “no entra en el proyecto de la 4T construir medios del Estado para competirle a los privados, ni crear nuevos promontorios de poder mediático, sino lo contrario”.

Lo consustancial a la 4T es una redistribución general de los poderes políticos, económicos y mediáticos. En ese sentido, tiene lógica la apuesta de López Obrador por diluir esas concentraciones de poder en la ciudadanía, en la gente misma:

“Tenemos que tomar en cuenta que las redes sociales no existían hasta hace poco tiempo, ni la capacidad de comunicación bidireccional, ni la posibilidad de hacer un escrutinio público de lo que hacen los poderes en su conjunto.

“La apuesta es diluir esta monstruosas concentraciones de poder fáctico. Las cúpulas económicas y el poder mediático son fuertes, tanto que juntos fabricaron un presidente hace ocho años”, concluye el entrevistado.

Mi correo electrónico: carvajalberber@gmail.com.

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